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roam F011 coNRfE STRUCTURES. APPLICATION iFILED FEB. 4, I9I8 Q mi 9. I .0. M 7;; QQJ

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AUGUSTUS QT. PENOTE, or CLEVELAND, onto. y Y,

Foam Fon. 'CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

Specification of Letters Patent. .il- )atienited Sep-i316;V 1919A.Y

Application led February 4,'1918'. Serial No. 215,387.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS J. PENOTE, a citizen of the United States, residingrat Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Forms for Concrete Structures, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to forms for concrete construction work particularly to rectangular forms adapted especially for making rectangular manholes such as are employed with underground conduits.

The rect-angular forms utilized heretofore vfor this purpose, have had the very serious disadvantage that they could not be readily removed from the interior' of the man-hole after the latter ywas formed, that is to say, the sections of the form could not be easily withdrawn inwardly so as to permit the removal of the form. The above and other disadvantages of prior forms employed for this purpose are overcome by the present invention which comprises a form'composed of any desired numberr of superposed courses, each of which has its sides and ends formed by matching or inter-fitting sections which can be secured together to form a rigid structure, but have their adjoining ends tapered or beveled in such a way thatwhat may be termed an intermediate section of each side and of each rend can be-readily moved inward from a concrete structure which has been formed about the form. It is another feature of this invention that in the ordinary use of the form, that is, `with the ordinary number of sections, only sections of two different shapes and sizes are required to make up the sides and ends of the form, although the construction is such that by the use of certain filler members to be described, the proportions or'size of the form can be readily varied, either in,-V

tion; Fig. 5 is a somewhat similar view show-A ing three lof the regular normal sections Vof thevform with another filler member which is adapted to be inserted between the intermediate and one end section of the side,

when it is desired to lengthen the form; f

FigyV is an inner view of a corner section of the form; and Fig. 7 is an inner view of the intermediate section of the form. Y f vThe form embodying my invention -may be formed in any number `of 'superposed courses, three courses being shown in Fig. 2, designated A, A and A2, but the construction of each course is the same as thecou-` struction of the other courses, sothat when the term form is; employed it will be un- Y derstood to applyto one of the courses, or to one unit of'a completed 'form composed of any number of superposed courses. l

In the ordinary use of the form, the latter will be composed of eight separate piecesor f sections, including what maybetermed four corner sections 10, which are exact counter# parts or duplicates of each other, and four intermediate sections 11r which are exact counterparts or duplicates ofV each other, one intermediate section being adapted to 'be inserted in each side, and one in each vend between the corner sections. x

Each cornerl section or part consists of an upper horizontal strip 10a, a lower horizontal strip 10b, a vertical end piece 10c, a second Vertical end piece 10d, these four parts formingareCtangular-frame, and in addition a side or facing 10e, whose outer face is smooth andis adapted. to form al bearingV for the concrete of the structure which is to be built around the form, this structure being a rectangular man-hole in the ordinary use of the form. 1 ,f

Each intermediate section 11 includes an upper horizontal strip 11a, a lower horizontal lstrib 11b, two verticalvend strips 11,v and 11d', together with theouter side or facing lle.

The terms horizontal andfvertical are used kfor convenience in description for the v reason that ythe parts to which these words are applied, have that relationshipwhen the form'is in actual use, or is assembled for use, and is in normal position. It maybe stated further at thisl point, that'theparts 10 and l1 areall preferably formed of wood, as this material `is best adapted to this use for many reasons, although any other materials which answerpthe requirements may be employed.

Considering "now the detailed construction of the corner sections 10, it will be observed that the verticall piece 10d`is set at an acute angle with respect tothe outer side or facing 10e, and that at the opposite vend of the section 10 there is a ri ght angle corner, a short section of the facing 10f similar to, but at right angles to the sideV or facing 10e being located at the end of the section 10. The second vertical piece-10d is also inclined, making the same acute angle with the vfacing 10 as the vertical piece 10C makes with the facing 10e. As before stated, all four corner sections 10 are constructed precisely alike.

The intermediate section 11 of the form has both vertical members 11c and 11d inf clined with respect to the side or facing 11e, both said vertical membersy making an obtuseangle with respect to the facing, 11e which is the complement of the acute angle which the members 10c and 11d of the corner section 10 make with the facings 10e 'and 10Pv respectively.

ItY will be seen therefore that when the sections of the form are'assembled in their normal relationship, the intermediate sections 11 constitute wedge-shaped sections, one of which is set into each side between the outwardly converging ends ofthe long portions of two corner sections, and one between the outwardly convergiing ends of the relatively short portions. ofthe corner sections.. lhen the parts are thus assembled, the vertical end pieces 11c and 111 of each intermediate section lie flatly against the adjacent vertical members of the corner sections. The partsare preferably held in this position withthe outer sides or facings forming a substantially perfect rectangle by means of short bolts 12 which extend through each pair of engaging vertical mem'- bers of each pair of adjoiningintermediate and corner sections..

. It will be obvious from the construction above described, that (when 'the .concrete structure-.hasfbeen `formed about the form, it will be a comparatively simple matter to remove the form, for when the bolts 12 are removed, the four intermediate sections can be separated from the four .corner sections by simply pulling them inwardly from between the ends ofthe cornerv sections. Not only does the form have the advantage abovestated, .but by reason ofthe fact .that the corner sections areall precisely alike and the intermediate sections of both sides and ends of the formare exactly similar in construction, the form can be very readily placed together for there will .be eliminated the necessity of carefully selec-ting and matching the parts which are-placed in contiguous relationship.

As many courses as are required may be placed on the lowermost course, and the different courses can be held in precise alinement -by 'pinsil' driven through openings 14, properly located in the horizontal members ofthe intermediate and corner sections,

the openings in corresponding snperposed parts of` any two courses being in alinement sothat when Y, the-.pins 13 are driven into place, the outer sides or facings of all su perposed courses will be in the same verti-v calv planes. o

The above construction is such that the dimensions of the form can be readily increased or decreased if circumstances require. For example, if it is desired to increase the length or width of the form, this can be done by. the use of filler members 15 which may be insertedfbetween the intermediate and corner sections in the sides or ends of the form, these filler members 15 havingwparallel sides as shown in Fig. 3. On the other hand, if it is desired to shorten the form, by a givenamount, this can be done by eliminating the intermediate sections 11 in the sides, and inserting in place, wedge-.shaped fillers 16, shown in Fig. el, so as to close the V-shaped gap between the adjacent ends of the corner sections. These filler members 15 01116 can be secured in place, that is, can be secured to the members they4 engage by screwsy or bolts.

In practice the uppermost course will be provided with a roofor covering generally formed by laying boards thereon, and this coverino` will be )rovided with an o benino C C of any desired size and shape adapted to permit entrance to the man-hole or structure which is formed of concrete or similar material'around the form( Thus it will'be seen that by this construction the advantages previously enumerated are attained, but wliilevl have shownonly the preferred form, it will be apparent that changes may be made in details of construction, and l aim in my claims to Vcover all modifications which vdo not involve a deparf ture fromV the spiritpandscope ofmy invention in its broadest aspects.

Having described my invention, I claim: LA rectangular form for concrete construction work composedof four counterpart corner sections and four counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate sec-` tion comprising anv outer side, upper and v lower members, and two end members which are inclined with respect to the outer side and making.` equal obtuse angles therewith, each corner section comprising-a relatively long outer side, a relatively short outer side corner section, said acute angles being complements of the obtuse angles which the end members of the intermediate section make with the outer side thereof, whereby when the sections are assembled with an intermediate section between each pair of corner sections, said end members of the intermediate and corne` sections are parallel and in engagement.

2. A rectangular form for concrete construction work composed ofv four counterpart corner sections and four vcounterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising an outer side, upper and lower members, and two end members which are inclined with respect to the outer side and making equal obtuse angles therewith, each corner section comprising a relatively long outer side, a relatively short outer side making a right angle withthe iirst-named, top and bottom members, and two end members which are inclined with respect to, and make acute angles with the relatively long and the relatively short outer sides of the corner section, said acute angles being complements of the obtuse angles which the end members of the intermediate section make with the outer side thereof, whereby when the sections are assembled with an intermediate section between each pair of corner sections, adjacent end members of the intermediate and corner sections are parallel and in engagement, and means for fastening the sections together comprising fastening devices extending through engaging end members of the intermediate and corner sections.

8. A rectangular form for concrete construction work composed of four counterpart corner sections and four Vcounterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising an outer side, vupper and lower members, and two end members which are inclined with respect toV the outer side and making equal obtuse angles therewith, each corner section comprising a relatively long outer side, a relatively short outer side making a right angle with the rst-named, top and bottom members, and two end members which are inclined with respect to, and make acute angles with the relatively long and the relatively short outer sides of the corner section, said acute angles being complements of the obtuse angles which the end membersy of the intermediate section make with the outer side thereof, whereby when the sections are assembled with an intermediate section between each pair of corner sections, said end members of the intermediate and corner sections are parallel and in engagement, the top and bottom members of the sections forming supports and engaging portions for superimposed courses of forms above specified, said top and bottom members being prov'idedwith openings adapted to receiy'e fastening devices.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiX my signature.

AUGUSTUS J. PENOTE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

